Alexei Maximovich Peshkov (1868–1936), popularly known as Maxim Gorky (Russian: Максим Горький), was a Russian writer and political activist. He was nominated five times for the Nobel Prize in Literature. Before his success as an author, he travelled widely across the Russian Empire changing jobs frequently, experiences which would later influence his writing.

Gorky's most famous works are a short story collection 'Sketches and Stories' (1899), plays 'The Philistines' (1901), 'The Lower Depths' (1902) and 'Children of the Sun' (1905), poem 'The Song of the Stormy Petrel' (1901), autobiographical trilogy 'My Childhood', 'In the World', 'My Universities' (1913–1923), and novel 'Mother' (1906). Though Gorky himself judged some of these works as failures, most are now seen as masterpieces.

Some of his less-known post-revolutionary works such as the cycles 'Fragments from My Diary' (1924) and 'Stories of 1922–1924' (1925), and novels 'The Artamonov Business' (1925) and 'The Life of Klim Samgin' (1925–1936), Gorky himself was more proud of; the latter is considered Gorky's masterpiece and sometimes being viewed by critics as a modernist work. Unlike his pre-revolutionary writings (known for their "anti-psychologism"), these differ with an ambivalent portrayal of the Russian Revolution and "unmodern interest to human psychology" (as noted by D. S. Mirsky).

Maxime Gorki, parfois orthographié Gorky est un écrivain russe né le 16 mars 1868 à Nijni Novgorod et mort le 18 juin 1936 à Moscou. Il est considéré comme un des fondateurs du réalisme socialiste en littérature et fut un homme engagé politiquement et intellectuellement aux côtés des révolutionnaires bolcheviques.

Enfant pauvre, autodidacte, formé par les difficultés et les errances de sa jeunesse, passé par le journalisme, il devient un écrivain célèbre dès ses débuts littéraires. Auteur de nouvelles pittoresques mettant en scène les misérables de la Russie profonde (Essais et Histoires, 1898), de pièces de théâtre dénonciatrices comme Les Bas-fonds en 1902 ou de romans socialement engagés comme La Mère, publié en 1907, il racontera aussi sa vie dans une trilogie autobiographique : Enfance (1914), En gagnant mon pain (1915-1916), Mes universités (1923).

Maxime Gorki. (2025, janvier 27). Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre

Русский советский писатель, классик русской литературы, поэт, прозаик, драматург, журналист, общественный деятель и публицист.